- Tier 1Preventive care
- Cleanings, exams, routine X-rays. Most dental plans cover these at the highest level, and often with no waiting period. This is the part that pays for itself if you go twice a year.
- Tier 2Basic care
- Fillings, extractions, and similar everyday work. Plans typically cover a share of the cost rather than all of it, and a waiting period may apply before you can use it.
- Tier 3Major care
- Crowns, bridges, dentures, root canals. Covered at a lower share than basic care. This is where waiting periods are longest, which is why a plan bought the month before a big procedure often won’t help with it.
- The ceilingAnnual maximum
- The most the plan will pay toward your care in a plan year. Once you reach it, further costs that year are yours. Comparing two plans without comparing their annual maximums tells you very little.
- The waitWaiting periods
- How long you have to hold the plan before a given tier of care is covered. They vary by plan and by tier, and they are the single most common surprise worth reading before you enroll, not after.
- The listNetwork
- Whether your dentist participates. Staying in network costs less; some plans cover out-of-network care at a reduced level and some don’t cover it at all. Check your own dentist before anything else.